AboutOrchids

Like people, orchids need to breathe fresh air. A stale or stagnant environment leads to pests and diseases. Moving air evaporates excess water, and cools leaves and roots.

In their wild homes, orchids live in gentle breezes and strong winds. As air plants, their leaves and roots blow in the rainforest canopy. In homes and offices, orchids need good ventilation.

To improve circulation, keep plants near an open window, or turn a fan on slow speed. When it’s warm enough, move plants outdoors.

Growers in homes and offices often rely on heaters and air conditioners for air movement. Be sure to keep humidity high; orchids want moist breezes. Providing fresh air is an easy way to help your orchid breathe.

With today’s solstice, summer arrives in the northern half of the globe. Celebrate the arrival of the season with these orchid beauties:

Summer’s warmth and long hours of daylight kick orchid growth into high gear. Check out these care tips so your plants can thrive:

• Increase watering during warm or windy weather. Plants with actively growing leaves and roots will also enjoy extra water. Many orchid varieties, like Cymbidiums, Lady Slippers, Masdevallias, Miltonias, Odonts, and Vandas, want daily soakings. Check these helpful orchid watering tips for more info.
• On hot days, move orchids into shade. For most types, high temps are fine as long as humidity is high, too.
• Fertilize regularly. Fertilizing weakly, weekly works best.
• Finish repotting chores. Check here to see if your orchid needs repotting. Don’t repot on hot days, which can stress plants.
• Give orchids an outdoor vacation if your growing conditions permit.
• To fight pests, try beneficial insects and carnivorous plants. Only use natural, biodegradable pesticides when necessary, like Neem Oil, BT, pyrethrins, or rubbing alcohol/surgical spirits.

Minnesota’s Bemidji Pioneer reports on efforts to save native Lady’s Slippers from destruction. It’s a lot of work on behalf of a beautiful pink, white, and yellow orchid. Cypripedium reginae, or the Showy Lady’s Slipper, has been Minnesota’s state flower for over a century. Construction on Beltrami County Highway 39 could destroy the rare orchids growing near the road. The plants flourish along a stretch known as the Lady Slipper Scenic Byway. To save them, experts are digging up the plants, and keeping them in a temporary nursery. When construction is done, they replant them alongside the roadway. One section of highway has already been completed, and the orchids restored. Construction is expected to continue through 2016. This rescue effort is being coordinated by several state agencies, conservationists, and the Chippewa National Forest. To help, local residents can volunteer, and anyone can Adopt a Lady’s Slipper.

For more detailed info on the Showy Lady’s Slipper, check out BotanyBoy.org.

With their incredible diversity, orchids take many forms. These Thunia flowers may resemble Cattleyas, but this large Thunia plant looks more like a cornstalk than an orchid. Possibly the fastest growing orchid, new Thunia stalks grow 3 feet (0.9 m) or more during spring. This fascinating species has lived in a west-facing room of our apartment for 8 years. It puts on its big annual display in June, and Dave took some great shots.

These 5 inch (13 cm) blooms hang in clusters, pulling down the tops of their tall stalks, also called canes. Flowers emerge over the course of a month. New buds develop inside rounded bracts which come to a point, like crystals dangling on a chandelier. The fascinating flower lips have yellow whiskers and frilly edges.

This terrestrial is native to the Himalayas and Southeast Asia, where it grows along streams or in rocky areas as high as 7550 ft. (2300 m.) Each winter, Thunias drop their leaves and go dormant. In spring, new canes emerge from the bases of old ones. New growth needs full sun. Keep humidity high, but only water lightly. Too much water can rot young growth. Plants should be moved into shade when they’ve reached 6 inches (15 cm) tall. By late spring, Thunias need regular water and fertilizer. When leaves yellow and drop in autumn, reduce water and fertilizer to a minimum. I keep this specimen cool and dry in winter, watering as seldom as once a month to keep the stalks from shriveling.

Incredibly, this tall plant grows in a small 6 inch (15 cm) pot. I repot it every other winter into new, rich potting soil. To keep it stable, I tie the canes to the shelving unit where it lives. Despite its large size and care demands, it’s worth it to enjoy these gorgeous flowers hanging from a cornstalk.

The Nature Conservancy protects many vital orchid habitats. This nonprofit group began in 1951, and now works in all 50 US states and more than 35 countries. With over one million members, it’s one of the largest environmental groups in the world. By purchasing threatened lands, restoring native habitats, and fighting invasive species, the Nature Conservancy effectively protects biodiversity. Projects around the world, from China to the Yucatan, offer hope that some orchid habitats can resist growing human pressures. Important orchid ecosystems like Brazil’s Atlantic Rainforest are being restored by the group’s Plant a Billion Trees campaign. These massive tree plantings are also designed to combat climate change. By protecting lands and waters, the Nature Conservancy saves plants and animals in their wild habitats.

You can support the Nature Conservancy’s work by donating, becoming a member, joining on social media, or adopting an acre.

North American orchid projects include:

• The Green Swamp in North Carolina, home to 18 orchid species
• Bluestem Farm in Wisconsin, with native Lady Slippers and other cold hardy species
• Native Pennsylvania species in several preserves throughout the state
• Rare orchids on Maryland’s Eastern Shore
• A sanctuary for endangered orchids on Canada’s Bruce Peninsula
• Preserves for the reintroduction of Hawaii’s highly endangered native orchid species
• A park spanning Minnesota and Manitoba, where the Western Prairie Fringed Orchid grows in a rare, intact Midwest grassland

In a world full of hybrid Moth Orchids, it’s always a pleasant surprise to find a species. Typically seen with dark red spots and stripes, this species, Phalaenopsis mannii, also occurs with yellow flowers. This variation is known as Phalaenopsis mannii var. aurea. Its golden color, strange flower lip, and orange fragrance make it as interesting as any human-made hybrid.

Like other Phals, this species is native to Southeast Asia. It grows in a wide range stretching from the eastern Indian Himalayas through Nepal, Bhutan, southern China, Myanmar (Burma,) and Vietnam. There are several natural color varieties like those shown on this page of Phals.net. Look closely to see the subtle white stripes on the lower sepals of these yellow blooms.

Orchid shows slow down in the northern half of the globe as summer approaches. However, in the southern half of the planet, events ramp up in Australia and Brazil. No matter where they happen, orchid shows are great places to enjoy beautiful blooms, meet local experts, and find plants for your collection.

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From the capital of our 49th state, Juneau Empire has a guide to Orchids in Southeast Alaska. With more than two dozen native species, Alaska offers a great reminder that orchids can appear in unexpected places. Many Alaskan varieties are known by their colorful common names, like Frog Orchid, Bog Orchid, Adder’s Tongue, and Rattlesnake Plantain. The Calypso, or Fairyslipper, and the Mountain Lady Slipper are as stunning as any of their exotic tropical cousins. Species with smaller flowers, like Coral Root Orchids, Ladies Tresses, and Twayblades, have plenty of their own charms. Be sure to click through the article’s photo gallery to see Southeast Alaska’s floral best.

No matter where you live, if you find orchids in the wild, enjoy them in their natural state. It’s important never to pick wild orchid flowers or dig up plants. Native orchid species are endangered, and protected by laws and treaties.

The Chelsea Flower Show has celebrated its 100th birthday. London’s biggest gardening event welcomed its next century with typical pomp and floral beauty, and an added element: gnomes. As always, orchids were a big part of the show. Word spread early that one of Britain’s rarest orchids had its own team of bodyguards. The extraordinary Lady Slipper on display, Cypripedium calceolus, almost became extinct in Britain, and sadly, some orchid lovers just can’t be trusted. The plant is small enough for a thief to pocket, unlike a large, bronze Moth Orchid statue.

Orchid award winners included this gold-winning exhibit from the Eric Young Orchid Foundation, featuring orchids varieties from 100 years ago. More impressive exhibits from McBean’s Orchids and Akerne Orchids come courtesy of these two short videos from Jose Santos:

While you’d be forgiven for thinking the show is more about celebrity and fashion than plants, controversy has long been part of the event. News coverage from the past century shows plenty of thorny commentary among the praise. No matter your stand, any orchid lover can enjoy the video below showing the Queen admiring an orchid display. She even smiles a few times at the end. That’s Chelsea Flower Show gold.

Who needs flowerpots? Orchids can grow attached to wooden mounts or trees, mimicking how they live in the wild as air plants. Despite this more natural look, mounted orchids aren’t as common as potted ones, since mounted orchids need extra care. Potted plants are usually better choices for orchid beginners.

For gardeners in tropical and subtropical areas, people with greenhouses, and experienced growers, mounted orchids can fill vertical gardens. Many types of orchids prefer to grow on mounts. For example, Vandas like to have their roots in the open air. Cattleyas need to dry thoroughly between waterings. Angraecums don’t like repotting.

To grow mounted orchids, consider how their care differs from potted orchids:

• Extra water – Mounted orchids need more frequent waterings, especially on warm or windy days. Exposed roots dry much faster than roots in a pot. That’s good, because it limits problems with bacterial or fungal infections.
• Constant high humidity – All orchids need high humidity. However, without moist potting material around their roots, mounted orchids are very susceptible to dry air. Maintain at least 50% humidity at all times. Heaters and air conditioners can dry the air, leading to problems when growing mounted orchids indoors.
• Consistent fertilizer – Mounted orchids need regular fertilizer. Without decomposing potting material as nutrients, their roots have no food reserves. Fertilize weakly, weekly.
• On trees or in trees? – Rather than attaching plants directly onto trees, many growers hang mounted orchids on branches. On its own mount, the plant is not permanently attached to the tree. Growers can bring orchids indoors for harsh weather, or to better enjoy the blooms.
• Remounting – If an orchid outgrows its mount, it may be best to attach the entire plant, with its old mount, to a new mount. Removing an orchid from its old mount can severely damage the roots. If an old mount breaks or falls apart, remove all rotten material, and attach the orchid to a new mount.

Check back soon to explore further. I’ll cover how to mount an orchid.